Describe briefly the three physical properties of water which help in the ascent of water in the xylem.

(N/A) $\Rightarrow$ In plants,the upward flow of water through the xylem due to transpiration is mainly dependent on the following three physical properties:
$\Rightarrow$ $1$. Cohesion Force: This refers to the mutual attraction between water molecules.
$\Rightarrow$ $2$. Adhesion Force: This refers to the attraction of water molecules to polar surfaces,such as the inner walls of tracheary elements (tracheids and vessels).
$\Rightarrow$ $3$. Surface Tension: This property describes how water molecules are attracted to each other in the liquid phase more strongly than to water molecules in the gas phase.
$\Rightarrow$ These properties provide water with high tensile strength (the ability to resist a pulling force) and high capillarity (the ability to rise in thin tubes). In plants,capillarity is further aided by the small diameter of the tracheary elements.